Exploring adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among university students in Pafos (Cyprus)

Abstract

Background and aims: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with better cardiovascular health outcomes, and other non-communicable diseases as well as a sustainable dietary approach. The study aimed to examine the level of adherence among university students in Pafos (Mediterranean city). Methods: A total of 93 surveys were collected in the study. Demographic, lifestyle and the 14-Mediterranean food frequency questionnaire – Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) were assessed to estimate the level of adherence of university students living in Pafos. Results: Out of the 93 participants, 52% had poor adherence MEDAS scores, 45% had moderate adherence scores, and 3% had high scores. The MEDAS point questionnaire system focuses on certain yes/no questions regarding consumption of certain foods. A total of maximun 5 points provides low adherence, 6 -9 points moderate adherence and more than 10 high adherence. Demographic and lifestyle factors such gender, exercise, alcohol consumption, smoking, living conditions (roommate, alone, family), type of living arrangement (dormitory, apartment, house), and sharing or not sharing kitchen did not associate to the MEDAS scores based on statistical analysis. Most students consume daily olive oil, eat one portion of fruit, and one portion of vegetables. Participants eat legumes mostly 1-3 times per week, not daily. Nuts and fish consumption were mostly once a week. Chicken consumption was more than red meat. Red meat consumption was mostly 2-3 times per week. Olive oil had a high adherence rate as well as the choice of chicken instead of red meat. Conclusions: More than half of the university students had low adherence rates, pointing out the need for further health and environmental awareness programs targeting young adults.

Date of Award	2025-Dec
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Faculty of Natural Science
Supervisor	Yan Borné (Supervisor) & Emily Sonestedt (Examiner)