Challenges in everyday life among recently diagnosed and more experienced adults with type 2 diabetes: a multistage focus group study

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify perceived challenges related to self-management among recently diagnosed adults and those with longer experience of type 2 diabetes as a foundation for the future development of a person-centred information and communication technology service.

BACKGROUND: Learning self-management of type 2 diabetes includes mastering the skills required to complete complex emotional and physical tasks. A service developed with the participation of stakeholders may be an alternative way to meet rising needs for self-management.

DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive design influenced by a participatory approach.

METHODS: Multistage focus group interviews among one group of recently diagnosed (≤3yrs, n=4) adults and one group with longer experience (≥5yrs, n=7) of type 2 diabetes.

RESULTS: Challenges in self-management in everyday life with type 2 diabetes were identified: understanding; developing skills and abilities; and mobilizing personal strengths. Both groups described challenges in understanding the causes of fluctuating blood glucose and in, developing and mobilizing skills for choosing healthful food and eating regularly. The recently diagnosed group was more challenged by learning to accept the diagnosis and becoming motivated to change habits while the experienced group was mainly challenged by issues about complications and medications.

CONCLUSION: Adults with diabetes have different needs for support during different phases of the disease. From a person-centred perspective, it would be desirable to meet individual needs for self-management on peoples' own terms through a technological service that could reach and connect to a large number of people. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.