Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study

Sabina Sieri; Claudia Agnoli; Sara Grioni; Elisabete Weiderpass; Amalia Mattiello; Ivonne Sluijs; Maria Jose Sanchez; Marianne Uhre Jakobsen; Michael Sweeting; Yvonne T van der Schouw; Lena Maria Nilsson; Patrik Wennberg; Verena A Katzke; Tilman Kühn; Kim Overvad; Tammy Y N Tong; Moreno-Iribas Conchi; José Ramón Quirós; Juan Manuel García-Torrecillas; Olatz Mokoroa; Jesús-Humberto Gómez; Anne Tjønneland; Emiliy Sonestedt; Antonia Trichopoulou; Anna Karakatsani; Elissavet Valanou; Jolanda M A Boer; W M Monique Verschuren; Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault; Guy Fagherazzi; Anne-Laure Madika; Manuela M Bergmann; Matthias B Schulze; Pietro Ferrari; Heinz Freisling; Hannah Lennon; Carlotta Sacerdote; Giovanna Masala; Rosario Tumino; Elio Riboli; Nicholas J Wareham; John Danesh; Nita G Forouhi; Adam S Butterworth; Vittorio Krogh

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157

Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study

Sabina Sieri, Claudia Agnoli, Sara Grioni, Elisabete Weiderpass, Amalia Mattiello, Ivonne Sluijs, Maria Jose Sanchez, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Michael Sweeting, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Lena Maria Nilsson, Patrik Wennberg, Verena A Katzke, Tilman Kühn, Kim Overvad, Tammy Y N Tong, Moreno-Iribas Conchi, José Ramón Quirós, Juan Manuel García-Torrecillas, Olatz MokoroaJesús-Humberto Gómez, Anne Tjønneland, Emiliy Sonestedt, Antonia Trichopoulou, Anna Karakatsani, Elissavet Valanou, Jolanda M A Boer, W M Monique Verschuren, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Guy Fagherazzi, Anne-Laure Madika, Manuela M Bergmann, Matthias B Schulze, Pietro Ferrari, Heinz Freisling, Hannah Lennon, Carlotta Sacerdote, Giovanna Masala, Rosario Tumino, Elio Riboli, Nicholas J Wareham, John Danesh, Nita G Forouhi, Adam S Butterworth, Vittorio Krogh

Forskningsoutput: Tidskriftsbidrag › Artikel › Peer review

25 Citeringar (Scopus)

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BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes.

METHODS: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models.

RESULTS: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m2) ≥25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d].

CONCLUSIONS: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.

Originalspråk	Engelska
Sidor (från-till)	631-643
Antal sidor	13
Tidskrift	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volym	112
Nummer	3
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157
Status	Publicerad - 2020-sep.-01
Externt publicerad	Ja

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Sieri, S., Agnoli, C., Grioni, S., Weiderpass, E., Mattiello, A., Sluijs, I., Sanchez, M. J., Jakobsen, M. U., Sweeting, M., van der Schouw, Y. T., Nilsson, L. M., Wennberg, P., Katzke, V. A., Kühn, T., Overvad, K., Tong, T. Y. N., Conchi, M.-I., Quirós, J. R., García-Torrecillas, J. M., ... Krogh, V. (2020). Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112(3), 631-643. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157

@article{210864bd76774fcea9a1eda2a6769fda,

title = "Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes.METHODS: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models.RESULTS: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m2) ≥25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d].CONCLUSIONS: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.",

keywords = "Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology, Europe, Female, Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Assessment",

author = "Sabina Sieri and Claudia Agnoli and Sara Grioni and Elisabete Weiderpass and Amalia Mattiello and Ivonne Sluijs and Sanchez, {Maria Jose} and Jakobsen, {Marianne Uhre} and Michael Sweeting and {van der Schouw}, {Yvonne T} and Nilsson, {Lena Maria} and Patrik Wennberg and Katzke, {Verena A} and Tilman K{\"u}hn and Kim Overvad and Tong, {Tammy Y N} and Moreno-Iribas Conchi and Quir{\'o}s, {Jos{\'e} Ram{\'o}n} and Garc{\'i}a-Torrecillas, {Juan Manuel} and Olatz Mokoroa and Jes{\'u}s-Humberto G{\'o}mez and Anne Tj{\o}nneland and Emiliy Sonestedt and Antonia Trichopoulou and Anna Karakatsani and Elissavet Valanou and Boer, {Jolanda M A} and Verschuren, {W M Monique} and Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault and Guy Fagherazzi and Anne-Laure Madika and Bergmann, {Manuela M} and Schulze, {Matthias B} and Pietro Ferrari and Heinz Freisling and Hannah Lennon and Carlotta Sacerdote and Giovanna Masala and Rosario Tumino and Elio Riboli and Wareham, {Nicholas J} and John Danesh and Forouhi, {Nita G} and Butterworth, {Adam S} and Vittorio Krogh",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020.",

year = "2020",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157",

language = "English",

volume = "112",

pages = "631--643",

journal = "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition",

issn = "0002-9165",

publisher = "American Society for Nutrition",

number = "3",

}

Sieri, S, Agnoli, C, Grioni, S, Weiderpass, E, Mattiello, A, Sluijs, I, Sanchez, MJ, Jakobsen, MU, Sweeting, M, van der Schouw, YT, Nilsson, LM, Wennberg, P, Katzke, VA, Kühn, T, Overvad, K, Tong, TYN, Conchi, M-I, Quirós, JR, García-Torrecillas, JM, Mokoroa, O, Gómez, J-H, Tjønneland, A, Sonestedt, E, Trichopoulou, A, Karakatsani, A, Valanou, E, Boer, JMA, Verschuren, WMM, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Fagherazzi, G, Madika, A-L, Bergmann, MM, Schulze, MB, Ferrari, P, Freisling, H, Lennon, H, Sacerdote, C, Masala, G, Tumino, R, Riboli, E, Wareham, NJ, Danesh, J, Forouhi, NG, Butterworth, AS & Krogh, V 2020, 'Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 112, nr. 3, s. 631-643. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157

TY - JOUR

T1 - Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease

T2 - a pan-European cohort study

AU - Sieri, Sabina

AU - Agnoli, Claudia

AU - Grioni, Sara

AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete

AU - Mattiello, Amalia

AU - Sluijs, Ivonne

AU - Sanchez, Maria Jose

AU - Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre

AU - Sweeting, Michael

AU - van der Schouw, Yvonne T

AU - Nilsson, Lena Maria

AU - Wennberg, Patrik

AU - Katzke, Verena A

AU - Kühn, Tilman

AU - Overvad, Kim

AU - Tong, Tammy Y N

AU - Conchi, Moreno-Iribas

AU - Quirós, José Ramón

AU - García-Torrecillas, Juan Manuel

AU - Mokoroa, Olatz

AU - Gómez, Jesús-Humberto

AU - Tjønneland, Anne

AU - Sonestedt, Emiliy

AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia

AU - Karakatsani, Anna

AU - Valanou, Elissavet

AU - Boer, Jolanda M A

AU - Verschuren, W M Monique

AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine

AU - Fagherazzi, Guy

AU - Madika, Anne-Laure

AU - Bergmann, Manuela M

AU - Schulze, Matthias B

AU - Ferrari, Pietro

AU - Freisling, Heinz

AU - Lennon, Hannah

AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta

AU - Masala, Giovanna

AU - Tumino, Rosario

AU - Riboli, Elio

AU - Wareham, Nicholas J

AU - Danesh, John

AU - Forouhi, Nita G

AU - Butterworth, Adam S

AU - Krogh, Vittorio

PY - 2020/9/1

Y1 - 2020/9/1

N2 - BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes.METHODS: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models.RESULTS: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m2) ≥25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d].CONCLUSIONS: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.

AB - BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes.METHODS: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models.RESULTS: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m2) ≥25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d].CONCLUSIONS: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology

KW - Europe

KW - Female

KW - Glycemic Index

KW - Glycemic Load

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Risk Assessment

U2 - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157

DO - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa157

M3 - Article

C2 - 32619242

SN - 0002-9165

VL - 112

SP - 631

EP - 643

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

IS - 3

ER -

Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study

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