Temporal and spatial distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), on the Swedish west coast, NE Atlantic, 1988-2005

Bengt Karlson; Ann-Sofi Rehnstam-Holm; Lars-Ove Loo

Temporal and spatial distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), on the Swedish west coast, NE Atlantic, 1988-2005

Bengt Karlson, Ann-Sofi Rehnstam-Holm, Lars-Ove Loo

Man and Biosphere Health (MABH)

Forskningsoutput: Bok/rapport › Rapport

Sammanfattning

Målet med denna rapport är att sammanställa och presentera tillgängliga data med algtoxiner i blåmusslor från svenska västkusten. Risken att bli förgiftad av algtoxiner via musslor hänger samman med förekomst och sammansättning av toxiska alger i det vatten där musslorna växer. Diarréframkallande ämnen (diarrheic shellfish toxins), t.ex. okadasyra (OA) och dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) har förkommit regelbundet i blåmusslor (Mytilus edulis) längs svenska västkusten (Skagerack) de senaste tjugofyra åren. Ett gränsvärde på 160 μg.kg-1 musselkött är fastställt av livmedelsverket. Toxinförekomsten i regionen associeras till förekomsten av Dinophysis acuminata och D. acuta. "Normalt" är det en säsongsvariation av DST i musslor med låga koncentrationer från mars till augusti (<160 μg.kg-1 musselkött) och höga från oktober till december (>160 μg.kg-1 musselkött). Toppar över gränsvärdet för konsumtion har vissa år förekommit från slutet av juni till slutet av juli. En snabb ökning i toxinhalt respektive långsam minskning är också ett vanligt förekommande fenomen, speciellt under höst-vinter. Tidsmässiga och regionala skillnader är stora. Det är också en stor skillnad i toxinhalt mellan åren. 1994 uppmättes den högsta toxinhalten till nästan 5000 μg DST.kg-1 musselkött. Under 1997 var halterna låga under hela säsongen, endast vid tre tillfällen var halterna över gränsvärdet. Från hösten 1989 till våren 1990 och från tidig höst 2000 till tidig vår 2001 uppmättes höga halter (ca 200 to 2000 μg DTX.kg-1 musselkött) under 26 veckor i en följd. I Koljöfjorden var det låga halter av toxiner fram till år 1998, trots förekomst av potentiellt DST producerande alger i området. I dag har musslor som växer och skördas i detta område ungefär samma nivåer av toxin som från andra områden. Mätningar av andra algtoxiner än DST är fåtaliga och tas inte upp i rapporten.

Originalspråk	Engelska
Utgivningsort	Norrköping
Förlag	Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut (SMHI)
Status	Publicerad - 2007

Publikationsserier

Namn	SMHI reports. Oceanography
Nr.	35
ISSN (tryckt)	0283-1112

Nationell ämneskategori

Biologi (106)

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title = "Temporal and spatial distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), on the Swedish west coast, NE Atlantic, 1988-2005",

abstract = "The main goal of this report is to compile and present available data on algal toxins in blue mussels from the west coast of Sweden. The hazards associated with the consumption of mussels are mostly dependent on the occurrence and composition of toxic algae in the areas where shellfish are grown. Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DST), i.e. okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) have occurred regularly in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) at the Swedish west coast (i.e. Skagerrak) during the past years. A maximum residue limit of 160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat has been set by National Food Administration. The toxic incidences in the region has been linked to the occurrence of Dinophysis acuminata and D. acuta. In general there is seasonal variation of DST in mussels with low concentrations from March to August (<160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat) and high from October to December (>160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat). Peaks above the maximum residue limit have in some years also occurred in late June to late July. Rapid intoxication vs. slow detoxification of mussels is a common phenomenon, especially in autumn-winter. Temporal and regional differences are large. There is also a considerable variation in toxin levels between years. In 1994 almost 5000 μg DST.kg-1 mussel meat was detected. In 1997 mussel farmers experienced very low levels, i.e. only three samples above the restriction limit of DST. In autumn 1989 to spring 1990 and in early autumn 2000 to early 2001, high levels (about 200 to 2000 μg DTX.kg-1 mussel meat) were recorded during 26 weeks. The Kolj{\"o} Fjord region had low levels of toxins until 1998, despite regular recordings of potentially DST producing algae in the area. Today mussels grown and harvested in this area have similar toxin levels to mussels from other fjords in the Skagerrak region. Measurements of other toxins than DST are few and are not included in the report.",

keywords = "blue mussel, common mussel, dinophysis, dsp, harmful algal bloom, kattegat, marine, mytilus edulis, skagerrak, toxins",

author = "Bengt Karlson and Ann-Sofi Rehnstam-Holm and Lars-Ove Loo",

year = "2007",

language = "English",

series = "SMHI reports. Oceanography",

publisher = "Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut (SMHI)",

number = "35",

}

TY - BOOK

T1 - Temporal and spatial distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), on the Swedish west coast, NE Atlantic, 1988-2005

AU - Karlson, Bengt

AU - Rehnstam-Holm, Ann-Sofi

AU - Loo, Lars-Ove

PY - 2007

Y1 - 2007

N2 - The main goal of this report is to compile and present available data on algal toxins in blue mussels from the west coast of Sweden. The hazards associated with the consumption of mussels are mostly dependent on the occurrence and composition of toxic algae in the areas where shellfish are grown. Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DST), i.e. okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) have occurred regularly in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) at the Swedish west coast (i.e. Skagerrak) during the past years. A maximum residue limit of 160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat has been set by National Food Administration. The toxic incidences in the region has been linked to the occurrence of Dinophysis acuminata and D. acuta. In general there is seasonal variation of DST in mussels with low concentrations from March to August (<160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat) and high from October to December (>160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat). Peaks above the maximum residue limit have in some years also occurred in late June to late July. Rapid intoxication vs. slow detoxification of mussels is a common phenomenon, especially in autumn-winter. Temporal and regional differences are large. There is also a considerable variation in toxin levels between years. In 1994 almost 5000 μg DST.kg-1 mussel meat was detected. In 1997 mussel farmers experienced very low levels, i.e. only three samples above the restriction limit of DST. In autumn 1989 to spring 1990 and in early autumn 2000 to early 2001, high levels (about 200 to 2000 μg DTX.kg-1 mussel meat) were recorded during 26 weeks. The Koljö Fjord region had low levels of toxins until 1998, despite regular recordings of potentially DST producing algae in the area. Today mussels grown and harvested in this area have similar toxin levels to mussels from other fjords in the Skagerrak region. Measurements of other toxins than DST are few and are not included in the report.

AB - The main goal of this report is to compile and present available data on algal toxins in blue mussels from the west coast of Sweden. The hazards associated with the consumption of mussels are mostly dependent on the occurrence and composition of toxic algae in the areas where shellfish are grown. Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DST), i.e. okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) have occurred regularly in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) at the Swedish west coast (i.e. Skagerrak) during the past years. A maximum residue limit of 160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat has been set by National Food Administration. The toxic incidences in the region has been linked to the occurrence of Dinophysis acuminata and D. acuta. In general there is seasonal variation of DST in mussels with low concentrations from March to August (<160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat) and high from October to December (>160 μg.kg-1 mussel meat). Peaks above the maximum residue limit have in some years also occurred in late June to late July. Rapid intoxication vs. slow detoxification of mussels is a common phenomenon, especially in autumn-winter. Temporal and regional differences are large. There is also a considerable variation in toxin levels between years. In 1994 almost 5000 μg DST.kg-1 mussel meat was detected. In 1997 mussel farmers experienced very low levels, i.e. only three samples above the restriction limit of DST. In autumn 1989 to spring 1990 and in early autumn 2000 to early 2001, high levels (about 200 to 2000 μg DTX.kg-1 mussel meat) were recorded during 26 weeks. The Koljö Fjord region had low levels of toxins until 1998, despite regular recordings of potentially DST producing algae in the area. Today mussels grown and harvested in this area have similar toxin levels to mussels from other fjords in the Skagerrak region. Measurements of other toxins than DST are few and are not included in the report.

KW - blue mussel

KW - common mussel

KW - dinophysis

KW - dsp

KW - harmful algal bloom

KW - kattegat

KW - marine

KW - mytilus edulis

KW - skagerrak

KW - toxins

UR - http://www.smhi.se/polopoly_fs/1.8122!RO_35.pdf

M3 - Report

T3 - SMHI reports. Oceanography

BT - Temporal and spatial distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), on the Swedish west coast, NE Atlantic, 1988-2005

PB - Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut (SMHI)

CY - Norrköping

ER -

Temporal and spatial distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in blue mussels, Mytilus edulis (L.), on the Swedish west coast, NE Atlantic, 1988-2005

Sammanfattning

Publikationsserier

Nationell ämneskategori

FN:s SDG:er

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